Vacuum pads and pad assemblies attach to robotic arms and other lifting equipment to move and manipulate workpieces in pneumatic automated handling systems. Pads, also called suction cups, directly contact workpieces and grip them using suction force. They require compatible adapters for attachment to robotic arms or vacuum ejectors. Pad assemblies include a vacuum pad and adapter. Sheet metal, automotive, and universal vacuum pads and assemblies handle heavy, metallic, or oily objects in industrial automation systems. Food-safe vacuum pads and assemblies are constructed of materials that are FDA compliant for food contact. Packaging and logistics vacuum pads and assemblies handle materials such as cardboard, plastic, film, and foil that are commonly used in packaging systems. Electronics and ESD vacuum pads and assemblies handle sensitive electronic components such as circuit boards, as well as glass and metal workpieces.