Material flow racks and rails install onto compatible surfaces or rack structures to reduce the effort it takes to move cartons, totes, pallets, and other items on them, which helps boost efficiency in inventory and order-picking tasks. Flow rack conveyors are installed into storage racks or pallet racks, and they have a narrow bed of skate wheels or rollers that allow items to glide along them. Flow rails are often mounted to pallet racks or storage lanes to allow gravity to move products in the back forward to the front once the items in front are used. Each rail has a single row of skate wheels, rollers, or ball transfers that allow items to glide along the rail. Flow rails and flow rack conveyors are commonly used to support storage and inventory initiatives such as first-in, first-out (FIFO) and can serve as floor-mounted staging areas for manufacturing or logistical processes.