Motor starters are electrically operated switches that combine contactors and overload relays to control and monitor electrical loads. They help protect motors from damage caused by voltage and phase changes or overheating conditions. Electric motor starters safely start, stop, change the direction of motors, and protect them against damage. IEC motor starters are made to standards designated by the International Electrotechnical Commission. NEMA motor starters are made to standards designated by the National Electric Manufacturers Association. Definite and general purpose motor starters have specific performance ratings for low life-cycle applications like HVACR. Hazardous-location motor starters have constructions that can be used in environments where flammable gases, liquids, flyings, and other combustible materials are present.